Details of task: Research suggests that levels of self-esteem change over the lifespan. Outline the typical age differences in self-esteem across the lifespan from childhood to old age. What are the factors that lead to changes in self-esteem across the lifespan? What impact may changes in self-esteem have on an individual?
In preparing your essay please note the following:
● You should discuss the trajectory of self-esteem from childhood to old age.
● You should discuss at least two factors that lead to changes in self-esteem across the lifespan (i.e. explain why self-esteem
changes across the lifespan).
● You should discuss at least two outcomes associated with changes in self-esteem (i.e. explain what impact a change in self-
esteem has on an individual)
Starting References:
● Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Widaman, K. F. (2012). Life-span development of self-esteem and its effects on important life outcomes. Journal of Personality and Social Psycholgy, 102(6), 1271-1288. doi:10.1037/a0025558
● Orth, U., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2010). Self-esteem development from young adulthood to old age: a cohort- sequential longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psycholgy, 98(4), 645-658. doi:10.1037/a0018769
● Robins, R. W., Trzesniewski, K. H., Tracy, J. L., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2002). Global self-esteem across the life span. Psychology of Ageing, 17(3), 423-434.

NOTE: You are permitted to use starting references within your report, however it is not a requirement to do so. You are expected to source additional references for your report. There is no fixed number of reference required. However, a minimum of 10 references is recommended.

Word limit: 2350 words plus 150 words for the abstract (2500 in total). This 2350 word limit includes in text citations and headings. The references, any tables/figures, and title page are not included in the word count. The abstract has its own separate word limit of 150 words. There is no 10% leeway on the word limit for the abstract or the whole report. There is no fixed word count for each section of the essay. However, a rough guideline to follow is: Introduction – 10-15% of the word count, Body – 70-80% of the word count, Conclusion –10-15% of the word count.

Presentation requirements: The essay should follow the guidelines provided in Findlay on essay (or literature review) writing. It should include a title, abstract, introduction, body, conclusion, and references. Further information regarding structuring an essay can be found at http://www.monash.edu/lls/llonline/writing/general/essay/index.xml. You will be required to present your essay in APA format. Use the marking rubric (below) to guide your writing.