IRAC Method
Legal cases are usually examined using the following critical legal thinking method. First, the facts of the case must be investigated and understood. Next, the legal issue that is to be answered must be identified and succinctly stated. Then the law that is to be applied to the case must be identified, read, and understood. Once the facts, law, and legal issue have been stated, critical thinking must be used in applying the law to the facts of the case. This requires that the decision maker—whether a judge, juror, or student—analyze, examine, evaluate, interpret, and apply the law to the facts of the case. Last, the critical legal thinker must reach a conclusion and state his or her judgment. In the study of law, this process is often referred to as the IRAC method (IRAC is an acronym that stands for issue, rule, application, and conclusion), as outlined in the following:
IRAC method
A method used to examine a law case. IRAC is an acronym that stands for issue, rule, application, and conclusion.
• I = What is the legal issue in the case?
• R = What is the rule (law) of the case?
• A = What is the court’s analysis and rationale?
• C = What was the conclusion or outcome of the case?
This text—whether in its print or electronic version—offer students ample opportunities to develop and apply critical legal thinking. The text contains real-world cases in which actual disputing parties have become embroiled. The law cases are real, the parties are real, and the decisions reached by juries and judges are real. Some cases are easier to decide than others, but all provide a unique set of facts that require critical legal thinking to solve.
U.S. Supreme Court Case
Let us examine how critical legal thinking is applied by the U.S. Supreme Court. Following is the Supreme Court’s decision of an important voting rights case.
CASE 1.2 U.S. SUPREME COURT CASE Voting Rights Act Shelby County, Texas v. Holder
133 S.Ct. 2612, 2013 U.S. Lexis 4917 (2013) Supreme Court of the United States
“The Act has proved immensely successful at redressing racial discrimination and integrating the voting process.”
—Roberts, Chief Justice, delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Justices Scalia, Kennedy, Thomas, and Alito joined.
Facts
The Fifteenth Amendment was added to the U.S. Constitution in 1870, following the Civil War. It provides that the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the federal or state governments on account of race, color, or previous conditions of servitude, and gives Congress the power to enact laws to enforce the amendment.
During the first century after the Fifteenth Amendment, congressional enforcement of the Amendment was a complete failure. Many states enacted literacy and knowledge tests, enforced good moral character requirements, created the need for vouchers from registered voters, and intimidated voters to prevent minority citizens from qualifying to vote or prevent them from voting should they meet the requirements. Based on these impairments, voting by minority citizens, particularly African Americans, was substantially lower than it was for white voters.
In 1965, Congress enacted the Voting Rights Act. Section 2 forbids any standard, practice, or procedure that denies or abridges the right of any citizen to vote on account of race or color. Section 4(b) provides a coverage formula that identified six states—Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, and Virginia—that maintained illegal voting requirements that substantially reduced minority voter turnout. Section 5 stipulates that the covered states could not make any changes to voting districts or voting procedures without clearance from federal authorities in Washington DC. Portions of other states, including Texas, were added to the list of covered jurisdictions.
The Voting Rights Act, which was originally enacted for five years, had been reauthorized by Congress for more than forty years. In 2006, Congress reauthorized the Voting Rights Act for 25 years. Shortly after the 2006 reauthorization, a Texas voting district challenged the constitutionality of the special coverage provision of the Voting Rights Act. The U.S. district court and the U.S. court of appeals upheld this provision. The U.S. Supreme Court agreed to hear the appeal.
Issue
Is the coverage provision of the Voting Rights Act that singles out several states for the federal clearance requirement constitutional?
Language of the U.S. Supreme Court
Census Bureau data from the most recent election indicate that African-American voter turnout exceeded white voter turnout in five of the six States originally covered by Section 5, with a gap in the sixth State of less than one half of one percent. There is no doubt that these improvements are in large part because of the Voting Rights Act. The Act has proved immensely successful at redressing racial discrimination and integrating the voting process.
A statute’s current burdens must be justified by current needs, and any disparate geographic coverage must be sufficiently related to the problem that it targets. The coverage formula met that test in 1965, but no longer does so. Coverage today is based on decades-old data and eradicated practices.
Decision
The U.S. Supreme Court held that the coverage provision of the Voting Rights Act that requires clearance by the federal government for covered states to make changes to voting districts and other voting requirements is unconstitutional.
Dissenting Opinion
Ginsburg, Justice, filed a dissenting opinion, in which Justices Breyer, Sotomayor, and Kagan joined.
Thanks to the Voting Rights Act, progress once the subject of a dream has been achieved and continues to be made. After exhaustive evidence-gathering and deliberative process, Congress reauthorized the Voting Rights Act, including the coverage provision, with overwhelming bipartisan support. In my judgment, the Court errs egregiously by overriding Congress’ decision.
Ethics Questions
1. When Congress enacted the Voting Rights Act in 1965, was there sufficient justification to do so? Was it ethical for states to adopt impairments to minority voters? Was the special requirement for designated states to seek federal approval before making voting changes necessary in 1965? Do you think that such a requirement is necessary today?

Executive Department Management Instructions
Atha Corporation owner, Mary Atha has declared a goal of doubling the company’s current $5 million in sales in the next year. Atha markets its product, unique lighting products (wall, pendant, floor, table, and nightlights) made of 50% recycled materials, through as series of regional distributors and directly online. It is currently the end of the third quarter and you have three months to complete your planning and execute your strategy in order to have your functional areas prepared. There is no time to waste in meeting the goal. Plans have to be developed, current employees retained, and new employees hired. Company communications must be clear and concise and the management cycle must be followed throughout the process.
You will serve as the department manager for two functional areas. One is the human resources department; the other is your choice of one of three other areas: accounting and finance, marketing and sales, or operations and production.
Ms. Atha has assigned specific goals to the vice president of your functional area. The vice president has determined what your department needs to do to help the entire functional area succeed. Those goals are in alignment with the overall company goal of doubling sales. Your responsibility is to break those goals into activities and tasks for your department.
You have one or more supervisors in your department. Each supervisor has several employees to lead and control. Each individual must know what he or she is to do, how or why to do it, what the quality and performance standard is, and how well he or she is doing. It is your responsibility to align the work of your team with the company goal. You will provide your team members with the information they need, and ensure that they complete the work on time while meeting performance and quality standards.
Functional Area Background
Planning: You have been assigned additional employees and (possibly) new assets in order to meet your goals. You must determine what skills, strengths, and talents they must have. How will you retain and motivate your existing employees and attract, hire, train, and retain new ones with the help of human resources? How will you break down your functional goals into departmental activities? How will you measure success? What is the frequency of your activities?
Organizing: You have the old department organizational chart. Create a new organizational chart for your functional area, showing how you will allocate your employees efficiently in order to achieve your department goals. The company has made a decision not to hire based solely on industry experience. Can you identify non-traditional industries or positions in which employee skills can be effectively transferred to Atha?
Leading and Controlling: What are the purpose statements for both of your functional areas? How do these reflect strategic alignment with the organization? What are the performance standards? How will you measure and report the performance and quality standards? How do these support the people in your organization through promoting trust, motivating employees, and supporting collaboration?
Additional Resources Available to Each Department Manager
Additional resources have been allocated to each manager. Below is a list of resources for each department. Include this information in your planning, organizing, leading, and controlling functions.
Accounting and Finance: Three additional employees, one of whom is a financial analyst, have been approved for your department. You have as much technical budget as reasonably needed to support a world-class computer system.
Sales and Marketing: You can hire seven new employees. Position them in your department as necessary to meet the company goals.
Human Resources: You will be helping department managers to hire 30 new employees for the company. Executive management has authorized you to hire two new human resource generalists for your department. They will begin by assisting in the screening, interviewing, and hiring of new employees. Be sure to discuss how their role will transition once new employees have been hired and trained.
Operations and Production: In order to double your sales, you must first increase your production capacity. Therefore, the company will add a third shift to maximize the production capacity of the existing production line. You will need to hire 18 new employees to fully staff the three shifts. Further consideration is under review to purchase a second production line.

 

Innovator Globalization Research Project

Deliverable: Every year, Center for Global Management and Jack H. Brown College of Business co-organizes the Annual Inland Empire World Trade Conference, jointly with the airport and the U.S. Department of Commerce. At the Conference, the Center recognizes our region’s innovative businesses who have the promise for growth in international business, as well as those who have demonstrated growth in their international business. Your project is to research the challenges, opportunities and strategies for any one selected Inland Empire business from your sector category in broadening their value proposition to new, global marketplaces.

Guidelines: A written group report and a group presentation are expected. The written group report of about 3000 words (excluding appendices and references), in addition to proper style, must be typed, with pages numbered and appropriate headings. The report is based on both secondary research using library and reliable internet resources, as well as primary research, in terms of making contact with specialized experts, government agencies, and/or businesses. Make sure to apply the relevant course concepts while writing your report. All exhibits must be integrated within the report, numbered consecutively, with appropriate format, headings and labels, and clear acknowledgement of the data sources. References should be in the APA format.
Each group will be responsible for researching and developing a globalization plan for an innovative Inland Empire business from their assigned sector category.
Sector categories
1. Transportation – products, parts and supplies for ground, water and air transportation
2. Infrastructure – equipment, tools, and supplies for ground, water and industrial infrastructure
3. Office & technology – products, devices, and supplies for use in office
4. Food & beverage – products, ingredients, packaging, processing equipment, preparing tools, and serving supplies
5. Health & Lifestyle – products, equipment and supplies
6. Sustainability – recycling, renewables, and green

Guidelines for the Globalization Report (use your own headings to cover these themes in your report)
1. Market Participation Strategy
Conduct an objective assessment of the firms in your sector category to participate in international business.
a. CAGE distance framework: Using CAGE model, and based on the resources, experiences, and relationships of the Inland Empire firms in your sector category, analyze and rank the top three global markets for the international business opportunities.
i. Cultural factors – What cultural sensitivities exist with respect to foreign products and services in your sector category? How open is the society to the foreign firms operating in your sector category? What are the flagship collaborations exist between the American firms and the local firms in your sector category that would ease the cultural distance?
ii. Administrative factors – consider issues such as overall political and regulatory stability and risks, Free Trade Agreements, foreign government policies for the target products/ services, intellectual property protections and risks, taxes and duties (sales tax/ VAT, business taxes, import/export duties), business license and laws regarding foreign ownership and purchase of land, utilities (power and internet availability and cost).
iii. Geographical factors – how much is the geographical distance? What factors are helping to reduce this distance (e.g. growing two-way exchange of goods, information, people, etc. between the two nations)? What factors are expected to increase this distance (e.g. political differences)?
iv. Economic factors – consider issues such as disposal income, size of the market, and profile and broad-basing of users for your sector/ category.

b. Globalization business strategy: Investigate how the firms from other leading regions use AAA strategies to globalize in the market regions you have selected.

c. Converting distance into advantage: Investigate how the Inland Empire firms in your sector category are converting distance into advantage. Also, investigate how firms from other regions in your sector category have converted distance into advantage.

d. Globalization distance and You: How knowledgeable are your group members about your proposed target markets? What sources have contributed to your group’s knowledge? What additional training would members in your group need to be ready to become international trade leaders for the Inland Empire firms in your sector category?

2. Globalization Business Model
Investigate the context and approaches for the globalization business model of the firms in your sector category.
1.
a. Entry modes: What are the top three modes of entry used by the American firms in your sector category for expanding into the target markets you have selected? Why are these the most popular modes of entry – how do these modes help these firms achieve globalization more effectively, compared to other modes?
b. Globalizing the value proposition: What challenges have the American firms in your sector category experienced in globalizing their value chain into the target markets you have selected? What strategies have they adopted to overcome these challenges? How have they globalized their value chain? What type and segments of customers have they targeted, what is the size of this market, what are the needs and purchase behavior of customers?
c. Globalizing the value infrastructure: What are the strategies of the American firms in your sector category for globalizing the value infrastructure in the target markets? What is the profile and capabilities of the key target market suppliers in this value infrastructure? What is the availability of skilled workforce in this value infrastructure – either through training institutes or through vendors who specialize in these activities? What type of activities can local workers and vendors perform without significant additional training from the American companies? What are the training needs?
d. Globalizing strategy and organization: What other competing and potential collaborator firms operate in your region – both local as well as MNCs? How large are these firms, what are their capabilities, and what strategies do they use? What are their strengths and weaknesses compared to the firms in the inland Empire? What strategy and organization do these firms use for their global operations?

3. Implementation & Contingency Plan
1. Globalization strategy: What specific AAA globalization strategies should the Inland Empire firms use to successfully enter/ grow in the targeted overseas markets? How should they go about globalizing their value proposition and value infrastructure?

2. Globalization organization: What type of organization structure should the Inland Empire firms use? Why?

3. Globalization human resources: What new types of human resources would be needed for the Inland Empire firms to globalize in the targeted overseas markets? How should the firms go about attracting/ developing such talent?

4. Globalization benefit cost analysis: What would be the strategic benefits of globalization for the Inland Empire firms in your sector category? What are the potential risks of globalizing into the target markets? What potential backlash might your firm face in its globalization drive? How should it prepare itself?

4. Grammar and structure:
Your report should have
1. A provocative title that clearly and concisely conveys the focus of your paper and engages the interest of your audience.
2. A strong thesis statement that makes a clear provocative claim in response to your research question. It is uniquely your claim.
3. Strong topic sentences that make a clear, provocative sub-claim of the thesis and organize the body paragraphs.
4. Specific examples from your research that you carefully analyze to support your claims.
5. A developed exposition based upon a few good examples, rather than a list of unanalyzed details or mere information summary.
6. Effective incorporation of sources with accurate representations of their views and a clear, controlling role for your own voice in the conversation
7. A coherent analysis with a logical progression held together by strong transitions.
8. Correct APA citation format and Works Cited list
9. Clear and correct diction, punctuation, and grammar.

This is the organization that the project is on
Gro-Power Inc. (Sustainability Sector)
http://gropower.com/commercial.htm
I only have to do the highlighted section reaching 750-800 words

Write 2000-word analysis on the political, social, technological and economicalinfluences of an album of your choice recorded between 1900-1990 and discuss itsimpact on culture.

Choose an album and examine their relationship to culture. Analyse and evaluateyour chosen album in relation to the artist and their associated genre, their lyrics,their musical creativity, their political context, as well as their cultural impact onsociety. It is recommended that you examine the following themes: class, race,gender, world events, religion and/or technology (e.g. sound and equipment).Use at least five academic references and use Harvard referencing throughout theessay.

I will be talking about Bob Marley’s Survival album that released on 1979. The reason I chose this
album is because Bob Marley is one of the people that talks about the peace in his musics. Also
the album talks about the struggles in African Countries and political injustice. Additionally this
album has really strong messages to the world.
When we say Reggae, Bob Marley comes to our minds. Because Bob is one of the most influential
Reggae artists in the world. He is really famous with his songs “No Cry and Three Little Birds”.
Some of the people find Reggae boring. Actually there are many instruments in Reggae music
such as Guitar,Drums and Percussions.
Bob Marley has recorded the ‘Survival’ album in London,UK and he recorded some of the songs in
his studio in Jamaica, Kingston. The main reason for this album is that Bob was trying to promote
peace. The album is released by Island/Tuff Gong Records.
When you look at the album cover, you will notice the flags of the African countries and you will see
that the theme of this album: Fight For Freedom. The main single “So Much Trouble” tells us that
this album is not only about Africa, it is also about the peace in the world.
‘So Much Trouble’
“So much trouble in the world
So much trouble in the world
All you’ve got to do is give a little (give a little)”
From this three lines, I know that he is talking about that there are problems in the world and he is
talking about sharing.
If we listen to his ‘Wake up and Live’ from his Survival album, Bob is talking about being free and
enjoying your life.
“Life is one big road with lots of signs
So when you riding through the ruts
Don’t you complicate your mind
Flee from hate, mischief and jealousy!
Don’t bury your thoughts
Put your vision to reality, yeah!”
I know that Bob has always been talking about peace and freedom in his songs and albums. In his
‘Legend’ Album he talks about slavery. For example the ‘Buffalo Soldier’ song is about the African
Americans who were fought during the Native American conflicts in 1886. Buffalo Soldiers was the
name given to African Americans.
Bob mentions about the Babylon System in his album. In this song Bob Marley talks about how
bad Babylon system was. He sees the Babylon system as an vampire.
Nowadays there are not many artists that talks about the peace and freedom. In 2015 Kendrick
Lamar (Rapper) who released a single called ‘Alright’. In this song he talks about the police
violence has been done to the black community. This song is managed to peak to 14th position on
the Billboard chart. Also it stayed 14 weeks in the top 100.  I will be talking about Bob Marley’s Survival album that released on 1979. The reason I chose this
album is because Bob Marley is one of the people that talks about the peace in his musics. Also
the album talks about the struggles in African Countries and political injustice. Additionally this
album has really strong messages to the world.
When we say Reggae, Bob Marley comes to our minds. Because Bob is one of the most influential
Reggae artists in the world. He is really famous with his songs “No Cry and Three Little Birds”.
Some of the people find Reggae boring. Actually there are many instruments in Reggae music
such as Guitar,Drums and Percussions.
Bob Marley has recorded the ‘Survival’ album in London,UK and he recorded some of the songs in
his studio in Jamaica, Kingston. The main reason for this album is that Bob was trying to promote
peace. The album is released by Island/Tuff Gong Records.
When you look at the album cover, you will notice the flags of the African countries and you will see
that the theme of this album: Fight For Freedom. The main single “So Much Trouble” tells us that
this album is not only about Africa, it is also about the peace in the world.
‘So Much Trouble’
“So much trouble in the world
So much trouble in the world
All you’ve got to do is give a little (give a little)”
From this three lines, I know that he is talking about that there are problems in the world and he is
talking about sharing.
If we listen to his ‘Wake up and Live’ from his Survival album, Bob is talking about being free and
enjoying your life.
“Life is one big road with lots of signs
So when you riding through the ruts
Don’t you complicate your mind
Flee from hate, mischief and jealousy!
Don’t bury your thoughts
Put your vision to reality, yeah!”
I know that Bob has always been talking about peace and freedom in his songs and albums. In his
‘Legend’ Album he talks about slavery. For example the ‘Buffalo Soldier’ song is about the African
Americans who were fought during the Native American conflicts in 1886. Buffalo Soldiers was the
name given to African Americans.
Bob mentions about the Babylon System in his album. In this song Bob Marley talks about how
bad Babylon system was. He sees the Babylon system as an vampire.
Nowadays there are not many artists that talks about the peace and freedom. In 2015 Kendrick
Lamar (Rapper) who released a single called ‘Alright’. In this song he talks about the police
violence has been done to the black community. This song is managed to peak to 14th position on
the Billboard chart. Also it stayed 14 weeks in the top 100. I will be talking about Bob Marley’s Survival album that released on 1979. The reason I chose this
album is because Bob Marley is one of the people that talks about the peace in his musics. Also
the album talks about the struggles in African Countries and political injustice. Additionally this
album has really strong messages to the world.
When we say Reggae, Bob Marley comes to our minds. Because Bob is one of the most influential
Reggae artists in the world. He is really famous with his songs “No Cry and Three Little Birds”.
Some of the people find Reggae boring. Actually there are many instruments in Reggae music
such as Guitar,Drums and Percussions.
Bob Marley has recorded the ‘Survival’ album in London,UK and he recorded some of the songs in
his studio in Jamaica, Kingston. The main reason for this album is that Bob was trying to promote
peace. The album is released by Island/Tuff Gong Records.
When you look at the album cover, you will notice the flags of the African countries and you will see
that the theme of this album: Fight For Freedom. The main single “So Much Trouble” tells us that
this album is not only about Africa, it is also about the peace in the world.
‘So Much Trouble’
“So much trouble in the world
So much trouble in the world
All you’ve got to do is give a little (give a little)”
From this three lines, I know that he is talking about that there are problems in the world and he is
talking about sharing.
If we listen to his ‘Wake up and Live’ from his Survival album, Bob is talking about being free and
enjoying your life.
“Life is one big road with lots of signs
So when you riding through the ruts
Don’t you complicate your mind
Flee from hate, mischief and jealousy!
Don’t bury your thoughts
Put your vision to reality, yeah!”
I know that Bob has always been talking about peace and freedom in his songs and albums. In his
‘Legend’ Album he talks about slavery. For example the ‘Buffalo Soldier’ song is about the African
Americans who were fought during the Native American conflicts in 1886. Buffalo Soldiers was the
name given to African Americans.
Bob mentions about the Babylon System in his album. In this song Bob Marley talks about how
bad Babylon system was. He sees the Babylon system as an vampire.
Nowadays there are not many artists that talks about the peace and freedom. In 2015 Kendrick
Lamar (Rapper) who released a single called ‘Alright’. In this song he talks about the police
violence has been done to the black community. This song is managed to peak to 14th position on
the Billboard chart. Also it stayed 14 weeks in the top 100.

II. INTERVIEW STYLE, PREPARATIONS, and INTERVIEW QUESTIONS:

Since we are not a methods course, I do not need your interview to follow specific formal guidelines, but ask you to put thought and common sense into your interview questions. Write your questions in advance, so you walk in prepared. You will need a minimum of 7 questions. Use at least 2 terms from the Medical Anthropology topic and print them in BOLD.

Here are some tips for before the interview:

Make all questions relevant to the research question.

Consider the fact that how you ask the question affects the kind of answers you will receive.

Avoid questions that can be answered with Yes/No.

Include probing questions to obtain more detail, providing opportunities for the participant to elaborate (Example: Could you tell me more? Could you give an example?).

Avoid leading questions. Leading questions anticipate what the answer will be, thereby limiting the range of possible responses.

Make sure to use words that the participant can understand – think about who you are developing questions for. If the participant is unfamiliar with terms you are using, you may need to explain them briefly.

During the Interview: Let the participant talk! Remain silent to allow the participant to speak. Actively listen and ask follow up questions.

Important: The quality of your questions is an important element of your assignment, so put some thought into your question choice. Choose questions that might help you understand how culture may have shaped some of your interviewees opinions, expectation, and decisions.

Lisa Smith
Sexuality begins in adolescence with physiological inundations of hormones and rapid growth.
A study conducted on the social impacts of sexual development concluded homosexuality as a
minority and identification multifactoral (Mustanski, et al., 2014). Frequently in the homosexual
population, a preventative approach is used with sexually transmitted infections. A prophylactic
approach has social and moral injustices within some cultures (Fiereck, 2015). From a nutritional
standpoint, eating disorders are frequent in the homosexual population with under nutrient
associated with gay males, and a more considerable physical stature identified with lesbian
females (Kolodziej, Urtnowska-Joppek, & Suwala, 2018). Cancers common among the gay,
lesbian, bisexual, transgender population include lung, endometrial, prostate, colorectal, cervical,
anal, and breast cancers while oncologists reported lack of population-related health needs
(Tamargo, Quinn, Sanchez, & Schabath, 2017). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)
maintained homosexuality as a disorder until 1973, and assumptive sexuality positions are often
encountered (Manzer, O’Sullivan, & Doucet, 2018).
References
Fiereck, K. (2015). Cultural conundrums: The ethics of epidemiology and the problems of
population in implementing pre-exposure prophylaxis. Developing
World Bioethics, 15(1), 27–39. doi:10.1111/dewb.12034
Kołodziej, K., Urtnowska-Joppek, K., & Suwała K. (2018). The perception of your body by
homosexual people: Eating disorders. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 8(9), 103-112. doi:
10.5281/zenodo.1344921
Manzer, D., O’Sullivan, L. F., & Doucet, S. (2018). Myths, misunderstandings, and missing
information: Experiences of nurse practitioners providing primary care to lesbian, gay, bisexual,
and transgender patients. Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality, 27(2), 157–170. doi:10.3138/
cjhs.2018-0017
Mustanski, B., Birkett, M., Greene, G. J., Rosario, M., Bostwick, W., & Everett, B. G. (2014).
The association between sexual orientation identity and behavior across race/ethnicity, sex, and
age in a probability sample of High School students. American Journal of Public Health, 104(2),
237–244. doi: 10.2015/AJPH.2013.301451
Tamargo, C. L., Quinn, G. P., Sanchez, J. A., & Schabath, M. B. (2017). Cancer and the LGBTQ
population: Quantitative and qualitative results from an Oncology Providers’ survey on
knowledge, attitudes, and practice Behaviors. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 6(10), 93. doi:
10.3390/jcm6100093less
———————————————————————————————————————
Lawrence Brodhead
Health Concerns
A study that gathered data between the years of 2014 through 2016
found that transgender groups of people experience worse mental health and
disabilities, had an increased likelihood of having multiple chronic conditions, and
a poor quality of life, in comparison with a non-transgender group of people (Downing
& Przedworski, 2018). Because transgender populations face a lot of stress related to
discrimination, harassment, and rejection, suffering emotionally and psychologically is
eminent in my opinion.

Pregnancy and STIs
When you think about transgender and pregnancy, it does not seem possible. I have
seen some postings on social media sites of transgender couples that are
having children. There are photos of men with a pregnant belly, and I must say it looks
odd. The pregnant male is transgender and was born with a female body. She quit
taking testosterone, which was helping her to transition, and was able to become
pregnant. Providing proper pre and post-natal care for transgender individuals is
needed, but with regard to the individual physical and emotional needs that the patient
may require based on their sexuality.

“Transgender women are internationally recognized as a population group that carries
a higher burden of HIV infection, with a worldwide HIV prevalence of 20%” (Safer et al.,
2016). It is important for providers to assess for STI’s with their transgender
patients based on their current anatomy and sexual behavior and screen for STI’s, as
they would any other patient (Safer et al., 2016).

Psychosocial Needs
The transgender patient may encounter many different psychosocial needs. Exploring
their sexuality, accepting their preference and coming out may be difficult for them.
Lack of support and discrimination can provide mental health issues. As a provider, I
would be aware of and assess for mood, anxiety, stress, and substance abuse and
choose appropriate interventions.

Care

As mentioned above, caring for a transgender patient would include being aware of
and anticipating specific issues such as mental health. I also think it would be helpful
to educate myself on this population so that I can more readily anticipate their needs.
“Transgender patients report that lack of providers with expertise in transgender
medicine represents the single largest component inhibiting access to care” (Safer et
al., 2016). Since transgender treatment is not taught in most curriculums, I would
advocate for more research and education for caring for this population.

Have any of you encountered a transgender patient and if so, what were your
challenges? Is it less of an ethical dilemma in larger cities?

References

Safer, J., Coleman, E., Feldman, J., Garofalo, R., Hembree, W., Radix, A., & Sevelius, J.
(2016, April 1). Barriers to Health Care for Transgender Individuals. doi:
10.1097/MED.0000000000000227

Downing, J., & Przedworski, J. (2018, July 18). Health of Transgender Adults in the
U.S.,
2014-2016. Retrieved from DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.04.045

Explain how a priori knowledge differs from a posteriori knowledge and whether it is possible.
2. Argue that testimony is/is not a source of knowledge independent from other sources of knowledge.
3. Explain Hume’s problem for induction and argue that it shows/it does not show that inductive knowledge impossible.
4. Explain Goodman’s problem for induction and argue that it shows/it does not show that inductive knowledge is impossible.

Choose one of the topics. In between 1500-2000 words.
In the format of:
I will argue for the view that P. There are many reasons to believe that P. Firstly…Secondly…Thirdly… The strongest objection to P says… However this objection does not succeed for the following reasons. The following is the only source you should use:
http://bespalovseminar.narod.ru/literature/Epist_Cont_Read.pdf

Please write on ONE of the following:

1. In the Protagoras, Socrates argues from 353a-357e that “weakness of will” (i.e. thinking that A is worse than B but still doing A) is impossible, and that what people call “being overcome by pleasure” is in fact a form of ignorance. What is the argument? Does it work?

2. In Gorgias 495b-497d Socrates gets Callicles to agree that pleasure is not the good, despite what he had claimed earlier. What is Socrates’ argument against hedonism? Is it a good one? Why or why not?

3. In Gorgias 497e-499b, Socrates gets Callicles to agree that the “bad man” turns out to be both good and bad, and in roughly equal measure. Does his argument reveal a flaw in Callicles’ position about excellence and happiness, or is it a trick? Why?

Writing Assignment for Unit One
• Include your name, student number, course number, course title and unit number on each page of your writing assignment (this is for your protection in case your materials become separated).
• Begin each writing assignment by identifying the question number you are answering followed by the actual question itself (in bold type).
• Use a standard essay format for responses to all questions (i.e., an introduction, middle paragraphs and conclusion).
• Responses must be submitted as a MS Word Document only, typed double-spaced, using a standard font (i.e. Times New Roman) and 12 point type size.
Word count is NOT one of the criteria that is used in assigning points to writing assignments. However, students who are successful in earning the maximum number of points tend to submit writing assignments that fall in the following ranges:
Undergraduate courses: 350 – 500 words or 1 – 2 pages. Graduate courses: 500 – 750 words or 2 – 3 pages. Doctoral courses: 750 – 1000 words or 4 – 5 pages.
Plagiarism
All work must be free of any form of plagiarism. Put written answers into your own words. Do not simply cut and paste your answers from the Internet and do not copy your answers from the textbook. Be sure to refer to the course syllabus for more details on plagiarism and proper citation styles.
Please answer ONE of the following and use proper reference:
*** Please only use references from, “Operations Management 10th Edition Jay Heizner, Barry Render Prentice Hall 2011” ***
1. How do services differ from goods? Identify five ways.
2. State two examples of cultural and ethical issues that face operations managers in a global environment.
3. Identify and describe, brie y, each of the purposes of project scheduling.

Part A

Objective: Recognize characteristics of informational social influence.

After checking into a hotel, Emma suddenly hears pounding on her door. A man in a uniform is standing there telling her there’s smoke on a lower floor and the electricity is possibly going to shut off. She should prop her door open and evacuate as quickly as possible. Later, Emma returns to find that her laptop and jewelry have been stolen. She has fallen victim to informational social influence.

Based on your understanding of informational social influence, outline and explain the four (4) factors and conditions that encouraged Emma to conform.

Part B

Objective: Describe the need to be accepted in the context of normative social influence.

1. Based on Schachter’s “Johnny Rocco” study, describe three (3) stages involved in persuading “rebels” to conform to group norms.

2. Describe an instance in your life when you were persuaded to adopt or reject group norms.