TITLE: Determining If Two Groups Differ From Each Other (the t Test)
Directions: Be sure to save an electronic copy of your answer before submitting it to Ashworth College for grading. Unless otherwise stated, answer in complete sentences, and be sure to use correct English, spelling, and grammar. Sources must be cited in APA format. Your response should be four (4) double‐spaced pages; refer to the “Format Requirementsʺ page for specific format requirements.

StatCrunch

StatCrunch tutorial videos are available at http://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=BE055F65E43B4973.

1. (25 points) A prison psychologist recorded the number of rule infractions for 15 prison inmates over a six-month period to be 5, 4, 2, 4, 3, 5, 2, 0, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, and 3.

a. Make a frequency table.

b. Make a histogram based on the frequency table.

c. Describe in words the shape of the histogram.

2. (25 points) Identify and solve this problem by hand.

The head of public safety notices that the average driving speed at a particular intersection averages μ = 35 mph with a standard deviation of σ = 7.5 mph. After a school speed limit sign of 20 mph is placed at the intersection, the first 40 cars travel past at an average speed of 32 mph. Using the .01 significance level, was there a significant change in driving speed?

a. Use the five steps of hypothesis testing (report results in APA format).

b. Sketch the distributions involved.

c. Figure the confidence limits for the 99% confidence interval.

3. (25 points) You will have to use a combination of StatCrunch and hand calculations (e.g., effect sizes) to solve the following problems.

A social psychologist gave a questionnaire about concern for farm workers to seven participants before and after they attended a film about union organization of farm workers. The results are shown below with high scores meaning high concern. Using the .05 significance level, do these results support the hypothesis that the film affected concern for the lives of farm workers?

Scores on the Concern Measure
Participant Before After
A 17 20
B 7 4
C 10 11
D 13 15
E 8 5
F 9 8
G 11 14

a. Use the five steps of hypothesis testing.

b. Figure the effect size and find the approximate power of this study.

c. Report results in APA format.

4. (25 points) You will have to use a combination of StatCrunch and hand calculations (e.g., effect sizes) to solve the following problems.

A team of cognitive psychologists studying the effects of sleep deprivation on short-term memory decay had eight participants stay in a sleep lab for two days. Four participants were randomly assigned to a condition in which they were not permitted to sleep during that period, while the other four participants were allowed to sleep when they wanted to. At the end of the two days, the participants completed a short-term memory task that yielded the results in the table that follows. Using the .05 significance level, did sleep deprivation reduce short-term memory?

Mean Number of Letters Remembered
Sleep Deprived Normal Sleep
7 9
8 8
7 11
9 7

a. Create the appropriate graph for this problem.

b. Use the five steps of hypothesis testing.

c. Figure the effect size.

d. Report results in APA format.

Answer the following questions is essay style.
1. Discuss the evolution of seven Texas constitution briefly with their dates accordingly. Include the weakness and criticisms of the Constitution of 1876. Discuss the constitutional reform efforts of 1971-1975. Include the amendment procedure for the current constitution.
2. Explain the basic forms of local governments (county, municipal, commission, and special district) in Texas, and briefly explain the basic characteristics (structures/forms, duties, finance, problems) of each form.
3. List and explain all types of elections (primary, general, special) in Texas. What is required to win each election? Who pays for each election? Who administer the elections? What are presidential primaries?
4. Explain six formal and two informal powers of the governor of Texas. Make sure to give at least two appropriate examples for each.
5. Describe the structure of the Texas court system and give the primary role and jurisdiction of each court and methods of selections of judges for each court.

1. Why do managers at most companies prefer that unions not represent their employees? Can unions provide benefits to an employer? (25 points, 1 pages, double space)

2. How has union membership in the United States changed over the past few decades? (25 points, 1 page, double space)

3. What legal responsibilities do employers have regarding unions? What are the legal requirements affecting unions? (25 points, 1 page, double space)

Use the readings and resources provided in our online lecture, book, library and reputable sources found on the Internet to support your viewpoints. Be sure to use your own voice in your answers. Simple copy and pastes will not be accepted. Be sure to site all sources referenced by using APA guidelines

Resources:

The objective of an informative essay is not to present your view, but “to inform or educate the audience on a given topic” (The KU Handbook for Writers, 2008, p. 102).
Your informative essay might
• explain something most readers don’t know
• present the latest research on a topic
• analyze a cause-effect relationship
• teach readers how to solve a problem or apply knowledge

For this course, your informative essay should be 3–5 pages in length and use at least four sources. You should also use a formal academic writing style, avoiding contractions like won’t and presenting evidence objectively instead of saying I think or relying on personal experience.
you need to state your proposed topic, write a tentative thesis statement, detail your intended audience, and list four potential sources for your research. For your sources, you will need at least two periodicals, one of which will need to be a scholarly journal. One of your sources should be a current event article, sourced within the last two years. See the following examples:

Proposed Topic: Substance Abuse
Tentative Thesis Statement: Substance abuse among soldiers has increased drastically due to uninformed medical personnel on base, alcohol sales outlets are more prevalent, and soldiers are resorting to alcohol to deal with PTSD instead of seeking counseling.
Intended Audience: United States citizens who are ill-informed about the substance abuse problems in the US Military; Service members who are currently dealing with substance abuse problems
Potential Sources: (You must have at least four)
Zoroya, G. (2012, September 18). Military needs to better address substance abuse by troops, study says. Detroit Free Press. Retrieved from http://www.freep.com/article/20120918/FEATURES01/120918006/Military-needs-to-better-address-substance-abuse-by-troops-study-says
Mcfarlane, A. (1998). Epidemiological evidence about the relationship between ptsd and alcohol abuse ☆ ☆☆: The nature of the association. Addictive Behaviors, 23(6), 813-825. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4603(98)00098-7
Ptsd and problems with alcohol use. (2007, January 1). Retrieved from http://www.ptsd.va.gov/public/pages/ptsd-alcohol-use.asp

Instructions

Students will complete their final research paper and submit..
Papers should be in correct APA format
Header
Running Head
Page Numbers
Cover Page
Abstract
In-text and Reference Page Citations
Appendices if necessary

For this assignment please do all of the following in this order.

Write down a few sentences describing what you know about Christopher Columbus. Please do this before you watch the video.
Watch the video (only 3 minutes long). Create an outline of the video and title it Columbus Part # 1
Read the article (sorry a few mean words). Create an outline of the article and title it Columbus Part # 2
Think about the points of the information you have acquired and synthesize that information.
Develop a thesis statement.
Create an outline for an essay based on what you read, The outline should be detailed enough that I may tell what you would write about. Remember this should not be a summary of each article. It is a synthesizing essay.
We are not writing an essay but just the outline.

Human Relation Consultant Role

Scenario: You are a group of Human Relation Consultants and have recently received a request by a consumer retailer with call centers in the Northeast to examine the relationship between workstation features in those facilities and the comfort and performance of its customer service representatives (CSRs) . This is your first meeting with the client.

The Challenge: Customer service representatives spend virtually all of their work time within their workstations. They have high workload demands that require accuracy and speed, but they also have limited control over their work process. These job characteristics put them at risk for various health problems and can limit their performance. Since the health and performance of these employees has a direct impact on customer satisfaction, retention and company profits, even a small improvement in their effectiveness can have a significant influence on business success. The retailer viewed this project as an opportunity to understand how workstation design features affect CSR performance and determine how best to optimize its spaces.

Your Role: You have never had any interaction with this client before. Your knowledge of this organization comes from the information provided by the client. You believe that your research can help understand the client how workstation design features affect CSR performance and determine how best to optimize its spaces. Your primary objectives of the entry meeting are to determine which units of the organization will participate in the research and to determine whether you and the client can reach agreement about their respective roles during data collection and feedback.

First Meeting: Begin the meeting by collecting information on the company’s set up and challenges. Ask all necessary questions that will help you to propose research strategy to address the clients concerns.

Second Meeting: You will have to propose and explain a data collection strategy. Do you propose an inductive or deductive approach? Will you collect qualitative or quantitative data? Explain your choices to your client. Tell your client why you think your strategy will be beneficial to their organization. Offer to answer any questions. Respond to their concerns, but remember, your goal is to convince them to reach an agreement.

Assignment: Short role play questions/answers related to consultant role:
Client Role

Scenario: You are a group of board members of the consumer retail company. Sales have been going down in the past two years, and you want to examine the relationship between workstation features in your call center facilities and the comfort and performance of its customer service representatives (CSRs).

Setting: Your company owns 10 call center across the North East. The work processes, technology system and size and demographics of the employee populations are similar at all of these 10 locations. The primary function of the CSR jobs at these call centers is to take merchandise orders over the phone and process the orders at a computer. Workstations at both sites use a 48 square foot layout with panel-based systems furniture. However, at five of the locations the workstations have 84″ panel heights and the other five location use a 62” panel height. The original intention of the sites with the higher panel heights was to provide greater acoustic privacy for CSRs. At all sites, the workstations use a variety of task chairs and work tools: monitor height supports, keyboard and mouse trays, paper racks with movable shelves and trays, and adjustable task lights. But there was no set standard for the seating or work tools, and use of them varied widely at all locations. This is your first meeting with the consultant.

Your role: As board members you want to understand how workstation design features affect CSR performance and, thus, profit. You also have an interest in decreasing high turn-around among your employees and are, thus, interested in the overall comfort and satisfaction with workstation features of your employees.

First Meeting: Explain the setting and your company’s interest in hiring a consultant. What problem do you expect the consultant to address? Respond to their questions to the best of your ability.
Second Meeting: Listen to what the consultants say. Ask them how their proposed research strategy is going to help solve the challenge the company faces. Ask them why you should hire them. Ask them if they have a working hypothesis they can share. Ask any other questions that seems relevant..

Assignment: Short role play questions and answers to client role:
Worksheet

Discuss each of the questions listed below and write in your responses. When you have finished answering the questions, be sure to sign the bottom.

1) Based on the interaction you just had, do you think you will hire the consultant(s)? Why or why not?

2) How did the Human Relation Consultants feel about the board members concerns? Were you able to gather all information necessary to come up with a research strategy? Are there other questions you think you should have asked?

3) How did the organizational members feel about the Human Relation Consultants proposal? Was it convincing? Is the proposed plan going to answer the entire question or only parts? If only parts, what part is answered? What part is left unanswered? Did they propose to ask right people to collect data?

4) What would have made this interaction go smoother? How could the two groups reach an agreement?

Select a public health issue and write a 750-1,000 word policy brief that provides a brief summary of the issue, options to solve the issue, and the best way to solve this issue. Select a public health issue from one of the following American Public Health Association websites: Climate Change (https://www.apha.org/topics-and-issues/climate-change) or Topics and Issues (https://www.apha.org/topics-and-issues).
Follow this outline when writing the policy brief:
1. Identify issue.
2. Background information – (a) Population effected; (b) Local, state or national level; and (c) Evidence about the issues supported by resources
3. Problem statement.
4. Suggestions for addressing the issue (solutions) – (a) Including necessary stakeholders (government officials, administrator); and (b) Include budget or funding considerations, if applicable
5. Impact on the Health Care Delivery System
Include three peer-reviewed sources and two other sources to support the policy brief.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to Lopes Write. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

You will write a purpose statement for an essay proposal. I will provide you with the paper topic and the research question so you understand the direction in which you will write the purpose statement.

Proposed paper topic: Cyber security policy and freedom of speech in the information age

Proposed research question: Should traditional notions of freedom of speech be updated and refined for the information age?

Your task will be to write the purpose statement and to find 6 peer reviewed sources.

2 pages double spaced, 1″ margins, 12 pitch type in Times New Roman font left justified format

Citations/References: You must use Turabian parenthetical style

Writing an essay on the topic: In “Darwin Was a Slacker and You Should Be Too” Alex soojung kim pang argues that workaholics have nothing to be proud of because they arent as efficient as they think. Should students take his hints to study less but more deliverately? Why or Why not?

Link to paper: http://nautil.us/issue/46/balance/darwin-was-a-slacker-and-you-should-be-too

Our teacher mainly grades and focuses on how well we present are arguments, and the approach we use to communicate to our readers, when writing must include thesis outline, and when writing body paragraphs we need to follow a structure: claim +evidence, explain and link, articulate assumptions, if there are counter arguments ackoneldege them.

Following in the attached doucment are links she gave us to help with research in the topic, must somehow incoporate at least one of the research she provides to us.

Sources must be cited in APA format. Your response should be four (4) pages in length; refer to the “Assignment Format” page for specific format requirements.

In your course, turn to Lesson 4. Skim through it to refresh your memory. Next, carefully study and review the section titled, “Ecological Challenges Facing Humanity.” Skim through that and then focus on the topic of deforestation.

Relying solely on the material in your course and using your own words, write a short descriptive essay that defines and explains selected environmental impacts of deforestation. As you write, imagine you are talking to a friend who has no knowledge of this topic. In short, write the way you speak, using a conversational tone. Also, try to alternate short sentences and longer sentences to make your writing more readable.

Be sure to create a title and cite yourself as the author. For example:

Environmental Impacts of Deforestation
Jennifer Croft

Your essay should include five paragraphs, as follows:

Paragraph 1 is your lead paragraph. It will contain an overview of what you have to say about these three topics: disruption of the carbon cycle, disruption of the hydrologic (water) cycle, and the reduction of species diversity.
Paragraphs 2, 3, and 4, are your body paragraphs.
Paragraph 2 should describe how deforestation disrupts the carbon cycle.
In paragraph 3, you’ll write about how deforestation disrupts the hydrologic (water) cycle.
In paragraph 4, you’ll explain how deforestation is related to declining species diversity.
Paragraph 5 is your conclusion paragraph. Here, you can describe how you feel about the three effects of deforestation discussed, and what we might do about it