Instructions for biology laboratory reports

Title Page:  You should have a title that is limited to your subject matter, but as descriptive as possible.  Avoid overly general titles, ex. “The termites”.  A more appropriate title might be, “A demonstration of ink preferences in wood-dwelling termites”.  This page should also include a list of your fellow experimenters. While you will complete the experiments in groups, each student must individually complete and write his or her own lab report.

 

Introduction:  This section should introduce the topic of your experiment and should include any PERTINENT background information needed to understand the experiment.  Cite references for background material where appropriate.  At the end of this section, you should state the major objective or purpose of your experiment (this should be concise) and clearly state your hypothesis.

 

Materials and Methods:  In this section, you should describe the materials used and the EXACT procedures that you followed while performing your experiment.  If you used a different procedure than listed in the lab manual, you should describe the procedure that you actually used.  A person should be able to read this section and perform your experiment exactly the way you did.  Do not give the results of your experiment in this section, only materials and procedures.

 

Results:  This section should include 2 parts:  1. a written description of the results in the body of the paper, 2. a graph(s) or table(s) on a separate page displaying the results.  Do not explain or comment on the significance of the results here, just give the data.  Every table or graph must have a descriptive title (“termite data” is not descriptive enough) and labeled axes with units of measure clearly indicated.  Tables consist of columns and rows of numbers or other information and should be numbered in sequence and referred to in the written results section, ex. “Termites followed the red ink for an average of 5 seconds (Table 1).”  Graphs are called figures and are referred to in the same manner, ex. Fig.1.

 

Discussion:  In this section, you should indicate if your hypothesis was supported, explain your results, and indicate the significance of the results.  A hypothesis cannot be proven by a single experiment.  You should interpret your results as “supportive of” or “failed to support” the hypothesis.  To the best of your ability, you should explain what was occurring during your experiment, why you got the results that you did, and any possible sources of error.  You should also indicate the significance of your results.  How might this information be used?  What are the implications of your results?  Lastly, if your results did not support your hypothesis, you may want to develop further experiments that might be used to support to the hypothesis, or develop a totally new hypothesis based on your results.

 

Clinical Implications: In this section, explain how the information you learned from this experiment relates to clinical/hospital procedures.

 

Literature cited:  Whenever you cite a fact or an idea, cite the reference giving credit to your sources. This should be done in the body of the report so that it is clear to the reader.  For example:  “That cytochrome included three distinct enzymes was first shown by Keilin (1925)” or “It is known that cytochrome consists of three distinct enzymes (Keilin, 1925).”  The literature cited section consists of a list of references which should include the author’s name, initials, year of publication, journal, specific volume, and the pages. For example: Keilin, D., 1925. Proc. Rev. Soc. London, B98: 312-329

 

When referencing books use the following form:  Eckert, R., and D. Randell, 1978. Animal Physiology. 1st ed. W.H. Freeman and Co. 510 pp.

 

Additional points:

1. The report should be concise. Three to six typewritten pages should be sufficient.
2. Avoid the first person, ex. “the termites were placed on the paper, and the time each termite followed each line measured with a stopwatch” not “Suzi placed the termites on the paper, and I timed how long each termite followed the lines”.
3. Use precise English and avoid useless words such as “First,…Next,…Then,…” or “then we proceeded to”.
4. Use complete sentences with good grammar and spelling.

Please see “Grading and Lab Reports” document on iCollege in the Class Information folder for more information on lab reports and for information on turnitin.com

A hardcopy of your report will be handed in 2 weeks after the experiment was performed. No late papers or papers not uploaded into turnitin.com will be accepted.

 

 

Lab report guidelines for Anatomy Labs

 

Content: 80%

INTRODUCTION: 25%

Introduces the topic of the experiment, with sufficient background to exhibit a clear understanding of the material covered

States major objectives clearly

States HYPOTHESIS properly

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10%

Includes all materials used through the entire experiment

Describes all procedures as they were performed (NOT as a recipe or as written in the lab manual)

 

RESULTS: 15%

Explains clearly and concisely, in paragraph form, data and observations

Displays relevant graphs/tables/diagrams

References all graphs/tables/diagrams in the written portion of the RESULTS Includes only results (no interpretation of data or conclusions)

 

DISCUSSION and CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS 30%

Discusses how results support or fail to support hypothesis, and implications

Explains possible sources of error

Describes how information might have practical uses in a clinical setting

Formulates further experiments to test hypothesis, or proposes a new hypothesis and experiment (based on observations in current experiment)

 

Format: 20%

GENERAL: 15%

The report has a descriptive title

Materials are written in paragraph form

Each graph/table has a descriptive title

Axes of graphs are properly labeled

Sections are properly titled

Length is 4-6 double-spaced pages

References are cited correctly in the paper and in LITERATURE CITED                                        The report and each section are logically organized

 

ENGLISH: 5%

Grammar, syntax, spelling, and punctuation

A judicial opinion is the decision of one or more judges giving the solution to a legal problem. The solution of every legal problem involves five elements:

 

1. The problem exists in a specific factual
2. The problem revolves around one or more legal issues or questions.
3. The problem’s solutions or resolution hinges on one or more rules of law.
4. The problem must be analyzed using the law and the facts.
5. A solution of the problem is provided in the form of a legal conclusion answering the question raised.

 

Lawsuits are not decided in a vacuum. Not only do they involve legal issues, they also involve business, ethical, and public policy issues. A Case Summary is simply an explanation of a judicial opinion in “plain English.” It explains what happened in the case, what the judges decided and why, and what legal, business, ethical, and public policy issues are involved. A Case Summary should have the following format:

 

1. Case Citation

 

Name v. Name, official citation (Court Year)

 

2. Facts:

 

This section covers what happened before the lawsuit was filed. What is the problem that the parties can’t resolve on their own?

 

3. Procedure:

 

This section covers what happened from the time the lawsuit was filed until the Court issues its opinion.

 

What type of motion is the court considering (i.e. motion for summary judgment, appeal of a trial, etc.)? If it’s an appeal, who won in the trial court?

 

4. Issue(s):

 

What legal problem(s) is the Court solving?

 

5. Analysis:

 

What is the rule of law that the Court is applying in this case? How did the Court reach its decision?

 

6. Conclusion:

 

What is the Court’s decision? Who won?

 

7. Business Issue(s):

 

What business issues are involved in the case? (Note: They may not be directly stated by the Court.)

 

8. Ethical Issue(s):

 

What ethical issues are involved in the case? (Note: They may not be directly stated by the Court.)

 

9. Public Policy Issue(s):

 

What public policy issues are involved in the case? (Note: They may not be directly stated by the Court.)

 

10. Do you think the case was rightly decided? Why or why not?

 

 

Writing Instructions:

 

1. A Case Summary should be 2-5 pages double spaced.

 

1. The Case Summary should be stated in your own words.

 

1. I recommend reading the case once to understand the context and major issues. Then read it a second time to identify materials relevant to writing the Case Summary. After you write your Summary, let it sit for a while then come back and edit and rewrite sections that aren’t clear.

 

1. Please label the sections of the Case Summary with the appropriate heading.

 

1. Submit your Case Summary in the appropriate folder under the “Assignments” tab in D2L.

 

1. The Tutoring Lab is an excellent resource for writing help if you want it.

Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper, exploring the differences between terrorism and criminal activity from economic, security, and psychological perspectives.
Answer the following questions in your paper:
• What prevention, mitigation, and enforcement measures are taken to avoid terrorism?
• How are these efforts similar to and different from the methods used to prevent or mitigate routine criminal activity?
• What are the benefits and limitations of prevention versus enforcement?
• How is the economy affected by criminal activity and terrorism?
• How does psychology play a role in both criminal and terrorist activity?
Consider risk assessments and conclude with a discussion of the category (terrorism or criminal activity) that poses the greatest challenge to law enforcement. Include at least 2 case studies involving crimes against both property and persons.
Apply principles from the readings to support your position and rationale.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.

1.Legislation Type State or federal, scope of practice, reimbursement, loan repayment etc. Review of the Literature Use a min of 3-4 primary sources of evidence. Not older than 5 years
2.Current Policy What is the current policy or health policy issue and how might it impact nursing or healthcare? Proposed Policy or Pending Changes to Policy What are they? Be specific. You may have multiple changes in one piece of legislation
3.Stakeholders Who benefits from the changes? Who supports the changes/legislation? Outcomes How will this impact nursing practice and the healthcare system?——–Synthesizes and justifies (defends, explains, validates, confirms) information gleaned from sources to support major points presented. Uses 3 credible resources for the assignment, including at least 1 scholarly peer-reviewed resource.
4.Uses correct spelling, grammar, and professional vocabulary. Provides credible resources using correct APA format.

For this Discussion, you will consider the role of theory in research and the relationship between theory and philosophical orientations. You will also familiarize yourself with a theory in your field so that you may become more conversant in your discipline’s theoretical foundations.
With these thoughts in mind:
By Day 4
Post an explanation of the role of theory in research. Next, identify a theory in your discipline and explain its basic tenets. Then, with this theory in mind, consider your answer to the following question posed by Dr. Burkholder in last week’s reading: “What do I have to believe about the world and about human beings in order for me to accept or use this theory?” Finally, describe the extent to which the epistemological and ontological assumptions of your chosen theory align with the philosophical orientation that reflects your worldview.

References
Babbie, E. (2017). Basics of social research (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Chapter 2, “Paradigms, Theory, and Research”

https://class.waldenu.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/USW1/201910_27/XX_RSCH/RSCH_8110/readings/USW1_RSCH_8110_Week02_deVaus2001.pdf

Laureate Education (Producer). (2009f). Theory [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 23 minutes.

Dr. Patton discusses the “big picture” of theory.

Create a hypothetical organization with details including geographic location(s), number of employees in each location, primary business functions, operational and technology details, potential threats to the business and its technology, and anything else that you believe is relevant to the business.

Assume this organization is lacking in its contingency planning efforts and requires assistance in ensuring these efforts are appropriately addressed to increase its overall security and preparedness posture.

Write a ten to fifteen (10-15) page paper in which you:

Provide an overview of the organization and indicate why contingency planning efforts are needed and how these efforts could benefit the business.
Develop a full contingency plan for the organization. Include all subordinate functions / sub plans, including BIA, IRP, DRP, and BCP efforts.
Determine the policies and procedures that would be needed for all contingency planning efforts. Detail the role of the policy / procedure, and explain how each would help achieve the goals of these efforts.
Detail the processes to utilize in order to fully implement the contingency plan and its components, and explain the efforts to consider in maintaining the plans.
Create a hypothetical incident scenario where the contingency planning efforts would need to be utilized and detail: a. How the plan is sufficiently equipped to handle the incident. b. a timeline for the incident response and recovery efforts.
Identify any ethical concerns that are specific to this organization and its incident response personnel (especially the CP Team Leader), and explain how to plan for these concerns.
Use at least five (5) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

Explain risk management in the context of information security.
Develop a disaster recovery plan for an organization.
Summarize the various types of disasters, response and recovery methods.
Compare and contrast the methods of disaster recovery and business continuity.
Explain and develop a business continuity plan to address unforeseen incidents.•Describe crisis management guidelines and procedures.
Describe detection and decision-making capabilities in incident response.
Develop techniques for different disaster scenarios.
Evaluate the ethical concerns inherent in disaster recovery scenarios.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in disaster recovery.
Write clearly and concisely about disaster recovery topics using proper writing mechanics and technical style conventions

Write a 750-1,000 word strategic human resource management plan. The purpose of this assignment is to simulate the thought process managers use to connect unit goals with organizational strategy. The students are not expected to produce a detailed strategic plan (which in actual organizations can exceed 100 pages). Rather, the expectation is that students demonstrate consideration of the multiple complexities involved in strategic planning. The assignment is centered on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) model of analysis, and the specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) model of goal setting. Access the GCU Library, relevant course materials, and Internet resources to research SWOT analysis and SMART goals. Select an organization to research that has a description of the organization and necessary information available to conduct a SWOT analysis and develop SMART goals. The Strategic HRM Plan should be in the form of a professional report. There is no single, correct manner of presentation. Critical and creative thinking is expected. The formatting is secondary to the content and application of knowledge. However, the proposal should be organized in a readily comprehensible manner that conveys a thorough understanding of course objectives. Graphics, bulleted lists, and charts are acceptable. Include the following: Introduction that outlines how the human resource goals support the organizational goals. Summary of the organizational description. A SWOT analysis. Three human resource goals that fulfill the SMART criteria. Alignment of human resources goals and strategic plans. Proposal for a job design initiative or an organizational hiring goal to meets the needs of the human resource goals and organizational goals. A conclusion that summarizes the highlights of the plan is presented. Incorporate three to five resources (including your textbook) to support your Strategic HRM Plan. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

1. This assignment is designed to help you become more comfortable with using rhetoric by using personal experience to analyze the results of your personality test.
2. Essentially, once you have completed the test and are aware of your personality type, (i.e. ENFP “The Campaigner” or ISTJ “The Logistician” four-digit, conclude whether you believe this test is an accurate, inaccurate, or only partially accurate portrayal of your personality. The corresponding information in the post-test section of test will help you learn more about your specific personality type and help you better understand the characteristics of your four-digit code. In other words, how does this description apply to you? What aspects of this test are indicative of your personality? Are there any parts with which you do not agree, or do you believe this test is very accurate? Try to base your essay on your overall impression of your test results.
3. For this assignment, you may use first person point of view (I, me, mine) as you analyze the four different components of your personality.
4. Try to give specific examples of where you display these personality traits in your life or if you disagree with your results, illustrate examples of how you behave differently from the result/results of your test.
5. This essay should have a clear introduction as well as supporting paragraphs illustrating your opinions of your test results in relation to your personality. This essay should also have a satisfactory conclusion.
6. This assignment should also incorporate terms used by the Myers Briggs website (posted in Blackboard) to further demonstrate your understanding of terms and how they relate to your unique personality traits such as favorite world for introvert vs. extrovert and decisions for thinking vs. feeling
7. This assignment is to be typed/word processed and should be a minimum of 3-4 pages in length.

“A feasibility analysis is a chance to open your eyes, ask yourself some very tough questions, then check to see whether your idea, as originally conceived, needs to be modified, refocused, or changed dramatically. (Or perhaps even scrapped altogether.)” (Abrams, as cited in Scarborough & Cornwall, 2015, p. 237).

With this assignment, you will be addressing the fundamental question: Does this business have profit potential?

Referring to the same business you either started or purchased in the first assignment, write a three to four (3–4) page paper in which you:

Conduct a feasibility analysis in which you research:
Industry and Market Feasibility
Product or Service Feasibility
Financial Feasibility
Entrepreneurial Readiness
Based on your assessment, does the business idea need to be modified, changed significantly, or abandoned? (Note: If you abandon the business idea, then you will need to select and analyze a new business that has profit potential.)
Include at least two (2) references outside the textbook.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

Describe and analyze the necessary activities and key decisions to start a small business.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in small business management.
Write clearly and concisely about small business management using proper writing mechanics.
Click here to view the grading rubric.

Using the two (2), contemporary issues in modern police operations, listed below, examine the related law enforcement agencies, change, and efficiency.
• Children and juvenile
• Gangs and drugs

Write a five to six (5-6) page paper in which you:
1. Summarize the history of law enforcement operations as it relates to the issue(s) that you selected.
2. Determine the key law enforcement agencies that are responsible for enforcing law related to your chosen issue(s).
3. Explain at least one (1) major change to law enforcement operations related to the issue(s) that you selected. Next, provide at least one (1) reason why the identified change was necessary. Support your response.
4. Give your opinion as to whether or not the change that you determined in Question 3 improved police operations in dealing with your selected issue(s). Provide a rationale for your response.
5. Discuss the main requirements related to training that local and federal law enforcement agencies must address as they relate to your selected issue(s).
6. Use at least three (3) quality academic resources as references, such as journal articles, newspapers, magazines, and publications from law enforcement associations. Note: Wikipedia, blogs, and similar websites do not qualify as quality academic resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
• Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.