1. T3. 30%. Final paper. 10 – 15 pages.

This paper is your own critical synthesis of a larger topic based on the four works we have discussed throughout the course. You can take many approaches to this paper. However, it should bring together ideas from each of the books and meld them into a unified whole. This is not a mere “mushing together,” but a critical synthesis that reflects your own independent integrative thought on an issue and topic that you have identified running through the semester, in readings, writings, and discussion. It should not merely reiterate the arguments from the books and those offered in class but should use these as a launching pad for your own thinking.

It will be in proper academic format and style and will accurately employ a standard citation style (MLA, APA, Chicago).

1.The Invention of Nature: Alexander von Humboldt’s New World. Andrea Wulf (2015)

2. Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress. Steven Pinker (2018)

3. The Underground Railroad: A Novel. Colson Whitehead (2018)

4. Justice: What’s the Right Thing to Do? Michael J. Sandel (2010)