Just like the camera works, the eye and the whole vision process uses the principles of the camera. During vision, an object’s light rays are passed through the cornea, conjunctiva, lens, aqueous humour and vitreous humour in a particular order. These five structures refract the light from the object making it possible for light to fall on the retina and this ability is referred to as focusing. The more function of focusing is done by the eye lens and the cornea and later the light lands on the retina. The light that lands on the retina are receives by rods, cones and other photoreceptors.

The light that is already absorbed causes the activation of the pigments on the photoreceptors with the pigments later made present on the vesicle membrane. The light is later to the membrane action potentials on the vesicles. From the action vesicle potential, the nervous impulses generated are forced to travel through the photoreceptors to reach the synaptic knobs. From this point, the impulses are later transported to bipolar nerves, later to the ganglion and lastly to optic nerves. It is in the retina that the nervous impulses are generated and transmitted to the brain in millions of neurons from the optic nerve.

At the back of the brain is the control centre of the vision termed the occipital lobe. The data received travels to the back of the brain and we can see the image which is formed on the retina but in an inverted form. Although with the brain, we see the image that is standing erect. Therefore, through the eyes we have essential visioning and any damage to the optic nerves cause lead to vision impairment.